Radiation-epidemiological study of the incidence of thyroid cancer among children and adults in the Orel region after the Chernobyl accident

"Radiation and Risk", 2003, Special Issue, pp.4-136

Authors

Chapter 1 – Vlasov O.K., Shchukina N.V., God'ko A.M.
Chapter 2 – Kaidalov O.V., God'ko A.M.
Chapter 3 – Gorsky A.I.
Chapter 4 – Parshin V.S., Tarasova G.P., Narkhova N.P., Tsyb A.F.
Chapter 5 – Sayenko A .S., Zamulaeva I.A., Smirnova S.G., Orlova N.V., Selivanova E.I., Vereshchagina A.O.
Chapter 6 – Sevankaev A.V., Potetnya O.I., Mikhailova G.F., Khvostunov I.K., Pyatenko V.S., Pozdyshkina O.V., Tsepenko V.V., Golub E.V., Shkavrova T.G.
Chapter 7 – Vlasov O.K., Shchukina N.V., Chekin S.Yu., God'ko A.M.

Abstract

The results of the implementation of the program "Development and implementation of large-scale radiation epidemiological studies in the Orel region for an objective Estimation of risk factors of the radiation and nonradiational nature in the dynamics of the incidence of thyroid cancer among the population after the Chernobyl accident" are considered in the article. The main goal of the project was to obtain an objective assessment of the significance of radiation and non-radiation risk factors in inducing the incidence of thyroid cancer in the population of the Orel Region on the basis of all the existing volume of medical and dosimetric information accumulated since 1986, using modern technologies of large-scale radiation epidemiological and clinical laboratory studies.
Work on the implementation of the program, which involved both specialists from the Medical Radiological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (MRSC of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences) and local specialists, was started in August-September 2001 and completed in December 2002.
When planning and conducting large-scale radiation epidemiological studies in the Orel region, both the generally accepted methods of radiation epidemiology and the original approaches developed by the specialists of RSMDR were used, based on the experience of 16 years of collecting and analyzing Chernobyl data. In particular, for the calculation of dose dependence and the assessment of radiation risk, medical dosimetric data were used at the level of individual settlements in the Orel region. This approach is used for the first time in the domestic practice for the analysis of the incidence of the population of the thyroid cancer and allows more accurately to take into account the features of the dose and demographic structure. To assess the risk, a modified model was used, taking into account reliable a priori information on the age dependence of morbidity. To predict the dynamics of the incidence of thyroid cancer, the parameters of the risk models obtained from the regression analysis were used, that is, the "model training" was first conducted in accordance with the actual data obtained on the basis of the screening, and then the forecast was carried out.
the conclusion of radiation epidemiological studies on the assessment of risks for personnel in the normal operation of nuclear industry enterprises.

Keywords
Estimation of radiation risks, induction of thyroid cancer, screening examination, ultrasound diagnostic criteria, somatic cell frequency, gene mutations, contaminated areas, Oryol region, radionuclides , the frequency of cytogenetic disorders, peripheral blood lymphocytes, the Chernobyl accident.

Full-text article (in Russian)