RADIATION & RISK
Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry
since 1992
About the Journal : 2019 : vol.28, No. 4 : Comparative assessment of radiation exposure to biota and population in identical ra-dioecological conditions in the zone of influence of the radioactive waste storage

Comparative assessment of radiation exposure to biota and population in identical ra-dioecological conditions in the zone of influence of the radioactive waste storage

«Radiation and Risk», 2019, vol. 28, No. 4, pp.129-136

DOI: 10.21870/0131-3878-2019-28-4-129-136

Authors

Lavrentyeva G.V.1,2 – Associate Prof., C. Sc., Biol. Contacts: 2 Bazhenova str., Kaluga, Kaluga region, Russia, 248000. Tel. +7(4842) 77-45-05; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .
Synzynys B.I.2 – D. Sc., Biol., Prof.
Mirzeabasov O.A.2 – Associate Prof., C. Sc., Teсh.

1 Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Kaluga Branch), Kaluga.
2 Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, Obninsk.

Abstract

This article presents analysis of radiation impact factors (RIF) to human and biota species habit-ing the same area. RIF is expressed as the ratio of actual radiation doses to human and non-human biota to critical dose. To calculate RIFs, critical doses given in the ERICA project and doses measured by authors during field experimental studies of radiation effects on reference doses to terrestrial mollusk F.fruticum. The source of radioactive contamination of the area under study is the area around the radioactive waste storage contaminated as a result of depressurization failure of a storage facility. Radiation doses to the public and non-human biota habiting the con-taminated area were estimated. For evaluating human radiation exposure the approach applied to IAEA scenario “fluid leak” was used. Annual total radiation doses to the public formed by radionuclides entered a human body is 4.0E-04 Sv/year. Absorbed dose rate to the terrestrial mollusk, calculated with Monte-Carlo method, is 76+-9 mGy/year. The scenario "fluid leak" creates a radioecological situation in the study area, in which a human is protected from radiation exposure. The mollusk, objects of the field studies, exposed to critical doses, are not protected, however, the mollusk exposed to radiation at dose rate limit, proposed by the ERICA, are protected. Results of the experimental study demonstrates that RIF values calculated with the use of experimental data and data recommended by international organizations for non-human species are higher than RIF values for human. The results of analysis allow authors to make the following conclusion: much more radioecological situations, in which the anthropocentric principle in the radiation protection system can be invalid and the ecocentric approach can be valid, should be subjected to analysis.

Key words
radiation exposure index, critical dose, biota, mollusk F.fruticum, radiation dose, irradiation, radioactive waste storage, liquid leakage, ecocentric concept, ERICA.

References

1. Aleksakhin R.M. Problemy radioekologii: Evolyutsiya idey. Itogi [Problems of radioecology: the evolution of ideas. The results]. Moscow, RAAS, 2006. 880 p.

2. ERICA. Environmental Risk from Ionizing Contaminants: Assessment and Management. Developed under EU 6th Framework Programme. Contract No. FI6R-CT-2004-508847. 2003.

3. ICRP, 2008. Environmental protection: the concept and use of reference animals and plants. ICRP Publi-cation 108. Ann. ICRP, 2008, vol. 38, no. 4-6, 234 p.

4. U.S. DOE-STD-1153-2002. A graded approach for evaluation radiation doses to aquatic and terrestrial biota. Washington, US Department of energy, 2002. 234 р. Available at: https://www.standards.doe.gov/standards-documents/1100/1153-AStd-2002/@@images/file (Accessed 11.11.2019).

5. Yastrebkov A.Yu., Zakharova E.V., Kamenskiy K.A. Geological environment impact assessment of the near-surface radioactive waste storage facility of the IPPE. Razvedka i okhrana nedr – Prospect and Pro-tection of Mineral Resources, 2014, no. 3, pp. 56-62. (In Russian).

6. Derivation of activity limits for the disposal of radioactive waste in near surface disposal facilities IAEA-TECDOC-1380. Vienna, IAEA, 2003. 145 р.

7. Lavrentyeva G.V., Mirzeabasov O.A., Synzynys B.I. Monitoring of radioactive pollution of soils in the zone of influence of regional near surface storage of radioactive waste in the closure process. Radiatsionnaya biologiya. Radioekologiya – Radiation Biology. Radioecology, 2017, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 279-285. (In Russian).

8. Lavrentyeva G.V., Geshel’ I.V., Kurachenko YU.A., Synzynys B.I., Shoshina R.R. Radiation-induced changes in the morphophysiological parameters of the land mollusk of the species Bradybaena fruticum in the natural habitat. Sbornik materialov VII Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii dlya molodykh uchenykh “Aktual’nyye voprosy biomeditsinskoy inzhenerii” [Collection of materials of the VII All-Russian Scientific Conference for Young Scientists “Actual issues of biomedical engineering”]. Saratov, SSTU, 2018, pp. 205-208. (In Russian).

9. Spiridonov C.I., Aleksakhin R.M., Fesenko S.V., Sanzharova N.I. Chernobyl and the environment. Radi-atsionnaya biologiya. Radioekologiya – Radiation Biology. Radioecology, 2007. vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 196-203. (In Russian).

10. Fesenko S.V., Aleksakhin R.M., Sanzharova N.I., Spirin E.V., Spiridonov S.I., Gontarenko I.A., Strend P. Comparative assessment of radiation exposure on biota and humans in the 30-km zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Radiatsionnaya biologiya. Radioekologiya – Radiation Biology. Radioecology, 2004, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 618-626. (In Russian).

11. Baranov S.A., Spiridonov S.I., Mukusheva M.K. Primeneniye radiatsionnykh riskov dlya otsenki vliyaniya radioaktivnogo zagryazneniya territorii SIP na naseleniye [The use of radiation risks to assess the impact of radioactive contamination of the SIP territory on the population]. Vestnik Natsional’noy akademii nauk Respubliki Kazakhstan – Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2009, no. 5, pp. 48-54.

12. Lavrentyeva G., Katkova M., Shoshina R., Synzynys B. Risk assessment for human health and terrestrial ecosystem under chronic radioactive pollution near regional radioactive waste storage. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2017, vol. 784, no. 1, pp. 1-6.

13. Radiation Safety Standards (RSS-99/2009): Sanitary epidemiological rules and standards SanPin 2.6.1.2523-09. Moscow, Federal Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology Rospotrebnadzora, 2009, 100 p. (In Russian).

14. Lavrentyeva G.V., Mirzeabasov O.A., Synzynys B.I., Geshel I.V. Radiation ecological risk for the terrestrial ecosystem in the zone close to the radioactive waste storage facility. Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 2018, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 65-75. (In Russian).

Full-text article (in Russian)