RADIATION & RISK
Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry
since 1992

Assessment of the radiation safety of the population of the Bryansk region districts contaminated after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant based on radiation risks calculation, considering risk uncertainties

«Radiation and Risk», 2022, vol. 31, No. 1, pp.15-28

DOI: 10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-1-15-28

Authors

Menyajlo A.N. – Lead. Researcher, C. Sc., Biol. Contacts: 4 Korolyov str., Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia, 249036. Tel.: (484) 399-32-81; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .
Chekin S.Yu. – Head of Lab.
Vlasov O.K. – Head of Lab., D. Sc., Tech.
Maksioutov M.A. – Head of Dep., C. Sc., Tech.
Kashcheev V.V. – Head of Lab., C. Sc., Biol.
Korelo A.M. – Senior Researcher
Tumanov K.А. – Head of Lab., C. Sc., Biol.
Shchukina N.V. – Senior Researcher
Pryakhin E.A. – Researcher
Ivanov V.K. – Scientific Advisor of NRER, Chairman of RSCRP, Corresponding Member of RAS, D. Sc., Tech. A. Tsyb MRRC.
A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk

Abstract

The current recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) are based on the classification of exposure situations as: planned, emergency and existing exposure situations. In planned situations, annual risk limits are set to limit human exposure. However, in emergency exposure situations or in existing exposure situations, permanent (annual) source control is not always possible, so the radiation protection strategy by monitoring the individual annual risk limit cannot always be practically implemented either. The purpose of this work is to assess the radiation safety of the population currently residing (at the beginning of 2022) in six districts of the Bryansk region: contaminated with radionuclides as a result of the Chernobyl accident: in Gordeevsky, Zlynkovsky, Klimovsky, Klintsovsky, Krasnogorsky and Novozybkovsky districts. Assessment of the current state of radiation safety of the population is based on calculations of the radiation detriment from chronic exposure due to living in contaminated areas, considering uncertainties of the reconstructed exposure doses and the parameters of mathematical risk models for the population. Radiation damage is calculated according to the modern ICRP methodology. Based on the general principle of conservative assessment of safety, the calculated upper 95% confidence limits (95% CL) of radiation detriment are compared with the corresponding lifetime radiation detriment limit, 3.5x10-3, determined by the Russian radiation safety standards (NRB-99/2009) under normal exposure conditions for the nominal period 70 years of life for the public. The radiation safety of the population of the Klimovsky district corresponds to the normal conditions of exposure from technogenic sources of ionizing radiation. Among the population of the remaining five contaminated districts of the Bryansk region, critical groups have been identified, the radiation detriment for which exceeds the limit 3.5x10-3 for normal conditions of public exposure in planned situations. The results of this work can be used in the preparation of recommendations for health authorities to improve medical monitoring of exposed citizens living in territories contaminated with radionuclides, as well as in the development of regulatory documents for the provision of targeted medical care to people from high radiation risk groups with the use of personalized medicine methods.

Key words
radiation safety, radiation detriment, radiation risk model, equivalent dose, dose uncertainty, model parameter uncertainty, radiation safety standards, nominal risk coefficient, effective dose, Chernobyl accident, 137Cs, population of contaminated areas.

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Full-text article (in Russian)