Assessment of radiation risk associated with single PET/CT scanning

«Radiation and Risk», 2017, vol. 26, No. 2, pp.41-48

DOI: 10.21870/0131-3878-2017-26-2-41-48

Authors

Pryakhin E.A. – Research Assistant. A. Tsyb MRRC. Contacts: 4 Korolyov str., Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia, 249036. Tel.: (484) 399-32-81; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .
Kashcheev V.V. – Head of Lab., C. Sc., Biol. A. Tsyb MRRC.
Menyajlo A.N. – Senior Researcher, C. Sc., Biol. A. Tsyb MRRC.
Ivanov V.K. – Deputy Director, Chairman of RSCRP, Corresponding Member of RAS. A. Tsyb MRRC.

Abstract

The article presents the method for calculation of life-time attributable risk (LAR) of cancer associated with PET/CT scanning. The calculation was based on modern ICRP model described in the ICRP Publication 103, with the use of DLP parameter and radiation doses to organs and tissues of interest. Calculated LARs from stand-alone CT were compared with LARs from PET/CT using different radiopharmaceuticals. Lifetime radiation-associated cancer risks from single CT scanning in males and females of different ages were higher. In addition to that, LAR from CT in younger age groups of males and females was two times higher than LAR from PET/CT with the use of ¹¹С-methionine. The least difference between LARs from CT and PET/CT scans was in case of abdominal and pelvic organs of females in the age group "older than 70 years".

Key words
Рositron emission tomography, computed tomography radiation risks, single exposure, organ dose, DLP, lifetime attributable risk, critical organ, radiopharmaceutical, cancer incidence.

References

1. Rudas M.S., Nasnikova I.J., Matjakin G.G. Pozitronno-jemissionnaja tomografija v klinicheskoj praktike: Uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie [Positron emission tomography in the clinical practice. Study guide]. Moscow, 2007. 46 p.

2. The 1988 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. ICRP Publication 53. Annals of the ICRP, 1988, vol. 18, no. 1-4.

3. Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Mettler F.A., Menyaylo A.N., Kashcheev V.V. Health risks of medical radiation exposure. Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 2011, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 17-28. (In Russian).

4. Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Mettler F.A., Menyaylo A.N., Kashcheev V.V. Methodology for estimating cancer risks of diagnostic medical exposure: with an example of the risks associated with computed tomography. Health Phys., 2012, vol. 103, no. 6, pp. 732-739.

5. Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources. International Basic Safety Standards. General Safety Requirements, Part 3. Vienna, IAEA, 2014. 518 p. (In Russian).

6. Preston D.L., Kusumi S., Tomonaga M., Izumi S., Ron E., Kuramoto A., Kamada N., Dohy H., Matsuo T., Nonaka H., Thompson D.E., Soda M., Mabuchi K. Cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors. Part III: Leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma, 1950-1987. Radiat. Res., 1994, vol. 137, pp. 68-97.

7. Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2014 (morbidity and mortality). Eds.: A.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinskiy, G.V. Petrova. Moscow, Р. Hertsen MORI – branch of the NMRRC of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 2016. 250 p. (In Russian).

8. Dose Estimates for Nuclear Medicine Scans, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Environmental Health&Safety. Available at: http://www.ehs.columbia.edu/Dosimetry%20Help/NMDoseEstimates.html (Accessed 20.04.2017).

9. Radiation safety standards (RSS-99/2009). Sanitary-epidemiological rules and standards. SP2.6.1.252309. Moscow, Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, 2009. 100 p. (In Russian).

10. Basic sanitary rules for radiation safety (OSPORB-99/2010). Health regulations, SP 2.6.1.2612-10. Moscow, Center for Sanitary and Epidemiological Rationing, Hygienic Certification of Russian Ministry of Health, 2010. (In Russian).

Full-text article (in Russian)